Solution to 2: Long Foot

    The encoded text is in stenotype, a kind of machine shorthand (hence the "long foot"). When read out, the sentences say the following:

    1. I hear they're trying to approve a law banning dangerous sports because of injuries.
    2. I don't need the help, I've already been injured thrice playing golf.
    3. I refuse to be more careful, so it happened again.
    4. I guess I should have seen it coming doubly when friends yelled "Fore!"
    5. I know I should just stay out of the way.
    6. I think I'll stick to safe sports like skydiving, and ledge jumping.

    These sentences come in pairs, and each pair gives a word.
    1 and 6: leg (short for legislation) and ledge
    2 and 4: four and fore
    3 and 5: no and know

    Using these words to form a single word, you get foreknowledge.

FOREKNOWLEDGE